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美國許多州政黨偏向明顯，難以改變，如新墨西哥州有大量西班牙裔，往往會投民主黨。（圖／達志影像）

持比例。雖然鄉村地區還是幾乎完全支持共 有利於共和黨。俄亥俄州有17張選舉人票，

和黨，但加上了大都會的選民，就變成了搖 佛州有30張，光是兩個州加起來的總合，就
擺州。 超過民主黨2020年在3個搖擺州拿下的選舉人
雖然這3個州的人口結構開始有利於民主 總票數40張。俄亥俄州在2020年前都是搖擺
黨，俄亥俄州與佛羅里達州的走勢卻反過來 州，但現在越來越紅，該州有大量藍領，傾

Ohio, 2016 Pennsylvania, Michigan and Wisconsin states have been to the advantage of Democrats,
and in 2020 the latter three states as well as Georgia Republicans have benefited from a different set of
and Arizona. changes in Ohio and Florida, which together have 47
Georgia and Arizona were once reliably red electoral votes (17 and 30 respectively), more than the
states, but have become purple due to demographic 40 combined electoral votes of the three swing states
changes, as has Virginia. The growth of large won by Democrats in 2020. Ohio was considered a
communities of educated professionals in the major purple state until 2020, but has gradually shifted to the
metropolitan areas of these states – Atlanta, Phoenix, right. It has a significant population of working-class
Richmond and nearby Washington DC – has caused voters who tend to vote Republican, even more so

them to turn from red to purple. To be sure, the than since Donald Trump’s victory in 2016. In Florida’s
rural parts of these states still vote overwhelmingly case, Democrats have been lackluster in grassroots
Republican, but that can be offset by the population politics for decades. They have not controlled both
advantages of their large metropolitan areas. houses of the state legislature since 1997.
While the demographic changes in these three Democrats have been further marginalized

台灣銀行家2022.11月號 29

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