Page 63 - NO.153銀行家雜誌

斯里蘭卡因政策失誤，造成國內動盪，而發生首次政府債務違約後，總統拉賈帕克薩倉皇出逃。（圖／達志影像）

入大氣，而其中的氧化亞氮，停留在大氣中 使全球人口激增，並引發1960年代的「綠色
的時間比二氧化碳更長，相同重量下引發溫 革命」。我們當然可以大幅降低使用這些肥
室效應的能力，是二氧化碳的300倍。20世紀 料，但需要許多配套跟規劃，而斯里蘭卡全

初發明的氮肥，取代了鳥糞成為主要肥料， 都沒做。

(i.e. accounting for its longer residence time in the motivation for Rajapaksa’s fertilizer misstep. “Let

atmosphere), nitrous oxide is 300 times more potent me be clear – there was no wholesale embrace of
of a greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. Invented ESG principles,” wrote Mel Sanderson, founder of
around the turn of the 20th century to replace guano Ethically Sustainable Growth (ESG+), in Investor Intel.
as a natural resource, nitrogen fertilizers enabled an “Had there been, regulations also would have been
explosion in global population, and also played a key promulgated regarding salaries and working conditions
role in the ‘green revolution’ of the 1960s. It is possible for rural laborers, government institutions charged with
to drastically reduce synthetic fertilizer use, but doing enforcing such regulations and protecting workers’
so requires significant planning, taking various local rights would have been empowered, and the general
factors into account – none of which was done in Sri working conditions on Sri Lankan farms would have

Lanka. been noticeably improved. None of that happened.”
Instead, the government misguidedly sought to reduce
Does ESG bear responsibility? imported fertilizer in order to preserve Sri Lanka’s
foreign exchange reserves – even though fertilizer is a
Green investing was however not the primary key input to tea, one of Sri Lanka’s important exports.

台灣銀行家2022.9月號 63

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